Since the beginning of the manga, little is known about Naruto’s shinobi lineage or his family. Uzumaki is only an extension of Naruto’s name.
He is the only member of a clan with no backstory.
Chapter 1 of the manga bears his name.
More characters of the Uzumaki Clan are introduced into the narrative many chapters later, but this is unknown to the reader.
The first member of the Uzumaki Clan introduced, besides Naruto, is in chapter 497: his mother, Kushina Uzumaki.
Then, in chapter 579, Nagato and Karin were revealed to be Uzumaki too.
The most prominent feature being their bright red hair. This distinct characteristic does not manifest in Naruto.
The other distinctive feature is their tenacious life force. This detail is important.
The origin of this ability dates back to the Age of the Six Paths.
Hagoromo Ōtsutsuki bestowed his powers to his sons Indra and Ashura.
In chapter 462 this is further explained by Obito.
The Uzumaki Clan inherited the stamina and life force from Ashura. Not his chakra reserves.
Mental and physical energy are tied to Yin Release and Yang Release, which is why Naruto and Sasuke had a strong affinity with these two energies.
Chapter 671 depicts these powers as a full moon (white side) and crescent moon (black side).
The fourth databook offers more information about these powers and where they came from.
There is no more information about history of the powers of the Uzumaki Clan.
Moreover, neither of the four official databooks offer details about the chakra nature of this Clan.
The unique ability of the Uzumaki Clan to cling to life until the very end has been shown in the manga 4 times.
• The first one was Mito Uzumaki, who lived a very long life.
Originally born before the foundation of Konoha, she reached the time when Kushina was a child.
It is very probable that she died due to the extraction of Kurama and not from old age.
• The second person was Karin Uzumaki, who was pierced through the heart by Sasuke in chapter 480.
She lived enough time to be healed by Sakura in chapter 484.
• The third person was Naruto Uzumaki, who managed to live after Kurama was extracted in chapters 660 and 661.
This is then pointed out by White Zetsu in chapter 662.
Also, Sakura kept Naruto alive until the Yin half of Kurama was sealed because Naruto had, indeed, died.
• The fourth person was Kushina Uzumaki. who lived after the extraction of Kurama in chapter 501.
• At a lower rate, Tsunade inherited the same characteristics. She survived being split in two by Madara and was being kept alive thanks to the aid of Katsuyu in chapter 635.
The only information provided about the chakra nature of some members of the Uzumaki comes directly from Kushina.
She explains the unique nature of her own chakra in chapter 498 and reveals that she was the the Jinchūriki of Kurama prior to Naruto in chapter 499.
She also explains the exceptional skills of fūinjutsu that Clan possessed in chapter 500, perfect to seal a Bijū.
Kushina had been moved to Konoha to become the next jinchūriki of Kurama. This is possible for her resilient chakra, able to suppress the power of the Kyubi in chapter 500.
Kushina could have passed her strong supressing chakra to Naruto to hold Kurama’s power. But not her large chakra reserves.
The manga does not register large chakra reserves as a trait of the Uzumaki Clan.
What Naruto uses is chakra from Kurama’s enormous supply.
Naruto could perfectly have a fair amount of chakra of his own.
Chakra reserves develop with time. Plus, Naruto has been granted with Ashura’s chakra.
Nagato Uzumaki is a good example of a person with a big supply of chakra. He could control the Rinnegan and use its power to the fullest potential, which requires a massive amount of chakra.
However, there is no information in the databooks or the manga about the reason why Nagato is able to amass such a quantity of chakra or how it is related to the Uzumaki Clan.
It is up to interpretation and reasoning.
Shizune mentions in chapter 421 that the source of his strength could be the chakra receivers.
The ability to share his chakra equally to control six bodies.
Additionally, in chapter 428, an ANBU mentions that the person transmitting chakra through those receivers, Nagato, must have a considerable amount of chakra.
This skill is only applicable to Nagato as an individual member, but his reserves have nothing to do with his lineage as an Uzumaki.
If it had been a qualification, it would have been confirmed.
The Uzumaki Clan does not excel in chakra reserves, it excels in chakra resilience.
However, the third and fourth databooks of Karin Uzumaki mention that her ability to restore large amounts of chakra through her bite is due to her Uzumaki lineage.
She is the only member of the Uzumaki clan whose chakra reserves have been mentioned.
This information comes from no where and it looks like it was written only to explain why she was able to restore Sasuke’s chakra two times in one day during his fight against Danzo.
End.